| Date | Payload | Launcher | Launch Site | Notes |
| 10 January | Cartosat-2, Lapan-Tubsat, Pehuensat-1, Space capsule Recovery Experiment (SRE-1) | PSLV-C | Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota, India | remote sensing satellite (Cartosat-2), earth observation satellite and technology demonstrator (Lapan-Tubsat), amateur radio satellite (Pehuensat-1), microgravity and re-entry technology demonstrator (Space capsule Recovery Experiment (SRE-1)) |
| 18 January | Progress M-59 (ISS 24P) | Soyuz U | Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan | unmanned cargo transport to the International Space Station |
| 3 February | Beidou | Long March 3-A | Xichang Satellite Launching Centre, Sichuan province, China | Chinese experimental navigation satellite |
| 17 February | THEMIS | Delta 2 | Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, USA | five scientific micro-satellites which will study the Earth's magnetosphere |
| 24 February | IGS Radar-2, IGS Optical-3 Verification | H-2A | Tanegashima Space Centre, Kagoshima, Japan | Japanese military synthetic aperture radar (SAR) reconnaissance satellite (IGS Radar-2), Japanese military optical reconnaissance test satellite (IGS Optical-3) |
| 9 March | STP-1: Orbital Express (ASTRO, NextSat/CSC), CFEsat, FalconSat 3, MEPSI-4A, MEPSI-4B, MIDStar 1, STPSat-1 | Atlas 5 Centaur | Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, USA | two spacecraft in orbit refuelling demonstrator which is intended to demonstrate the feasibility of autonomously servicing a satellite in space (Orbital Express), technology demonstrator satellites (CFEsat, FalconSat 3, MEPSI-4A, MEPSI-4B, MIDStar 1, STPSat-1) |
| 11 March | Insat 4B, Skynet 5A | Ariane 5 ECA | CSG Kourou, French Guiana | commercial communications satellite (Insat 4B), military communications satellite (Skynet 5A) |
| 21 March | DemoSat | Falcon 1 | Kwajalein Atoll, Marshall Islands | dummy satellite |
| 7 April | Soyuz TMA-10 ISS 14S | Soyuz FG | Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan | manned transport vessel to the International Space Station |
| 9 April | Anik 3 | Proton M / Briz M | Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan | commercial communications satellite |
| 11 April | Haiyang-1B | Long March 2C | Taiyuan Satellite Launch Centre, Shanxi Province, China | Chinese ocean survey satellite |
| 14 April | BeiDou-2 M1 (Compass M1) | Long March 3A | Xichang, Sichuan Province, China | Chinese navigation satellite |
| 17 April | AeroCube 2, CAPE-1, CSTB-1, EgyptSat 1, Libertad 1, MAST, PolySat 3, PolySat 4, SaudiComsat 3, SaudiComsat 4, SaudiComsat 5, SaudiComsat 6, SaudiComsat 7, SaudiSat 3 | Dniepr 2 | Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan | technology demonstration microsatellites and cubesats |
| 23 April | AGILE, AAM | PSLV-CA | Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota, India | Italian gamma ray observatory (AGILE), Indian technology satellite (AAM) |
| 24 April | Near Field Infrared Experiment (NFIRE) | Minotaur | Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport, Wallops Island, Virginia, USA | US military technology research satellite |
| 25 April | AIM (Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere) | Pegasus XL | Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, USA | scientific satellite to study polar mesospheric clouds located at the edge of space |
| 4 May | Astra 1L, Galaxy 17 | Ariane 5 ECA | CSG Kourou, French Guiana | commercial direct broadcast satellite (Astra 1L), commercial communications satellite (Galaxy 17) |
| 12 May | Progress M-60 (ISS 25P) | Soyuz FG | Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan | unmanned cargo transport to the International Space Station |
| 14 May | NigComSat-1 | Long March 3B | Xichang Satellite Launch Centre, Sichuan Province, China | Nigerian commercial communications satellite |
| 25 May | Yaogan 2 | Long March 2D | Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre, China | Chinese remote sensing satellite |
| 29 May | Globalstar 10 (4 satellites) | Soyuz FG / Fregat | Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan | commercial communications satellites |
| 31 May | SinoSat 3 | Long March 3B | Xichang Satellite Launch Centre, Sichuan Province, China | Chinese commercial communications satellite |
| 7 June | Cosmos 2427 | Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russia | Russian military satellite |
| 8 June | COSMO-SkyMed 1 | Delta 2 | Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, USA | Italian synthetic aperture radar (SAR) Earth imaging satellite |
| 8 June | ISS 13A - Shuttle Atlantis (STS-117) | Shuttle Atlantis (STS-117) | Kennedy Space Center, Florida, USA | manned flight to the International Space Station (ISS) delivering the Integrated Truss Structure S3/S4 and solar arrays |
| 10 June | Ofeq 7 | Shavit 2 | Palmahim Air Base, Israel | Israeli military reconnaissance satellite |
| 28 June | Genesis Pathfinder 2 | Dniepr-1 | Dombarovskiy Launch Site, Yasny, Russia | technology demonstrator for inflatable habitats for future manned commercial spaceflights |
| 29 June | Cosmos 2428 | Zenit 2M | Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan | Russian Tselina-2 military ELINT reconnaissance satellite |
| 1 July | SAR-Lupe 2 | Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russia | German military SAR radar reconnaissance satellite |
| 4 July | Zhongxing 6B (ChinaSat 6B) | Long March 3B | Xichang Satellite Launch Centre, Sichuan Province, China | Chinese communications satellite |
| 7 July | DirecTV 10 | Proton M / Briz M | Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan | US direct broadcast satellite |
| 2 August | Progress M-61 (ISS 26P) | Soyuz U | Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan | unmanned cargo transport to the International Space Station |
| 4 August | Phoenix Mars Lander | Delta 2 | Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, USA | NASA interplanetary probe to Mars which will land on the Martian surface to determine whether the soil on Mars could have been a habitable environment for microbial life |
| 8 August | ISS 13A.1 - Shuttle Endeavour (STS-118) | Shuttle Endeavour (STS-118) | the Kennedy Space Center, Florida, USA | manned flight to the International Space Station (ISS) delivering the Integrated Truss Structure S5 and Spacehab cargo module |
| 2 September | Insat 4CR | GSLV/12KRB | Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota, India | Indian communications satellite |
| 6 September | JCSat 11 | Proton M / Briz M | Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan | Japanese commercial communications satellite – launch failure |
| 11 September | Cosmos 2429 | Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russia | Russian military satellite |
| 14 September | Kaguya (SELENE 1 (Selenological and Engineering Explorer)), RSAT, VRAD | H-2A | Tanegashima Space Center, Kagoshima, Japan | Japanese lunar probe (Kaguya), Japanese data relay satellite which will orbit the Moon and which will relay data from Kaguya back to Earth (RSAT), small Japanese lunar probe which will investigate the Moon's gravitational field and will be used to measure the position and precession of the moon precisely (VRAD) |
| 14 September | Foton-M3, Yes 2 | Soyuz-U | Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan | microgravity research satellite (Foton-M3), tether demonstrator (Yes 2) |
| 18 September | WorldView-1 | Delta 2 | Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, USA | commercial remote sensing satellite |
| 19 September | CBERS-2B | Long March 4B | Taiyuan Satellite Launch Centre, Shanxi Province, China | Chinese/Brazilian remote sensing satellite |
| 27 September | Dawn | Delta 2 | Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, USA | NASA scientific mission which will visit two large asteroids (Vesta in July 2010 and Ceres in August 2014) |
| 5 October | Intelsat 11, Optus D2 | Ariane 5 GS | CSG Kourou, French Guiana | commercial communications satellites |
| 10 October | Soyuz TMA-11 ISS 15S | Soyuz FG | Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan | manned transport vessel to the International Space Station |
| 11 October | Wideband Global Satcom F1 (WGS F1) | Atlas 5 | Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida | US military communications satellite |
| 17 October | GPS 2R-17 (M4) | Delta 2 | Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, USA | US navigation satellite |
| 20 October | Globalstar (4 satellites) | Soyuz FG / Fregat | Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan | four commercial communication satellites |
| 23 October | Oko N88 | Molniya-M | Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russia | Russian military satellite |
| 23 October | ISS 10A Shuttle Discovery (STS-120) | Shuttle Discovery (STS-120) | Kennedy Space Center, Florida, USA | manned flight to the International Space Station (ISS) delivering the Node 2 (Harmony) attachment point for two more science labs |
| 24 October | Chang'e-1 | Long March 3A | Xichang Satellite Launch Centre, Sichuan Province, China | Chinese lunar orbiter |
| 26 October | Uragan/Glonass (M9/M10/M11) | Proton K / Blok DM-2 | Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan | three Russian navigation satellites |
| 1 November | SAR-Lupe 3 | Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russia | German military SAR radar reconnaissance satellite |
| 11 November | DSP-23 | Delta 4-Heavy | Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, USA | US military early warning satellite |
| 11 November | Yaogan 3 | Long March 4C | Taiyuan Satellite Launch Centre, Shanxi Province, China | Chinese remote sensing satellite |
| 14 November | Skynet 4B, Star One C1 | Ariane 5 ECA | CSG Kourou, French Guiana | British military communications satellite (Skynet 4B), commercial communications satellite (Star One C1) |
| 17 November | Sirius 4 | Proton M / Briz M | Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan | commercial communications satellite |
| 9 December | Raduga 1 - 8 (Globus N18, Cosmos 2434) | Proton K / Blok DM-2 | Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan | Russian military communications satellite |
| 9 December | COSMO Skymed 2 | Delta 2 | Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, USA | Italian synthetic aperture radar (SAR) Earth imaging satellite |
| 10 December | NRO L-24 | Atlas 5 | Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, USA | US military data relay satellite |
| 13 December | Radarsat-2 | Soyuz 2.1a / Fregat | Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan | Canadian synthetic aperture radar imaging satellite |
| 20 December | GPS 2R-18 (M5) | Delta 2 | Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, USA | US navigation satellite |
| 21 December | Horizons 2, Rascom 1 | Ariane 5 | CSG Kourou, French Guiana | commercial communications satellites |
| 23 December | Progress M-62 (ISS 27P) | Soyuz U | Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan | unmanned cargo transport to the International Space Station |
| 25 December | Uragan/Glonass (M12/M13/M14) | Proton M / Blok DM-2 | Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan | three Russian navigation satellites |
